PostgreSQL备份工具pgBackRest使用说明

2021-01-08 20:42:58.887 P00 INFO: stanza-create command begin 2.31: --exec-id=9283-e9744c3e --log-level-console=info --pg1-host=sungsasong --pg1-host-config-path=/data/pg10/pgbackrest --pg1-host-port=22 --pg1-host-user=postgres --pg1-path=/data/pg10/pgdata --pg1-port=10001 --pg1-user=postgres --repo1-path=/pgbackrest/repos --stanza=demo

2021-01-08 20:42:59.835 P00 INFO: stanza-create command end: completed successfully (948ms)

检查配置

[postgres@sungsasong ~]$ pgbackrest --stanza=demo --log-level-console=info check

2021-01-08 21:41:29.851 P00 INFO: check command begin 2.31: --exec-id=21648-1862ac0d --log-level-console=info --pg1-path=/data/pg10/pgdata --pg1-port=10001 --pg1-user=postgres --repo1-path=/pgbackrest/repos --stanza=demo

2021-01-08 21:41:32.826 P00 INFO: WAL segment 000000010000000000000006 successfully archived to '/pgbackrest/repos/archive/demo/10-1/0000000100000000/000000010000000000000006-2f027934f4f35cd3983ca4b1b7b43c32ab089448.gz'

2021-01-08 21:41:32.826 P00 INFO: check command end: completed successfully (2975ms)

执行备份

默认为增量备份，增量备份将会请求一个基础全备，如果没有基础全备，增量备份将会变更到全备。

pgbackrest --stanza=demo --log-level-console=info backup

2021-01-08 21:43:55.014 P00 INFO: backup command begin 2.31: --exec-id=21661-13c54272 --log-level-console=info --pg1-path=/data/pg10/pgdata --pg1-port=10001 --pg1-user=postgres --repo1-path=/pgbackrest/repos --repo1-retention-full=2 --stanza=demo

WARN: no prior backup exists, incr backup has been changed to full

...

此处省略很多输出

...

2021-01-08 21:44:00.951 P00 INFO: full backup size = 23.3MB

2021-01-08 21:44:00.951 P00 INFO: execute non-exclusive pg_stop_backup() and wait for all WAL segments to archive

2021-01-08 21:44:01.153 P00 INFO: backup stop archive = 000000010000000000000008, lsn = 0/8000130

2021-01-08 21:44:01.154 P00 INFO: check archive for segment(s) 000000010000000000000008:000000010000000000000008

2021-01-08 21:44:01.273 P00 INFO: new backup label = 20210108-214355F

2021-01-08 21:44:01.301 P00 INFO: backup command end: completed successfully (6288ms)

2021-01-08 21:44:01.301 P00 INFO: expire command begin 2.31: --exec-id=21661-13c54272 --log-level-console=info --repo1-path=/pgbackrest/repos --repo1-retention-full=2 --stanza=demo

2021-01-08 21:44:01.304 P00 INFO: expire command end: completed successfully (3ms)

可以定义备份的类型为增量还是差异备份

使用—type参数指定

[postgres@sungsasong ~]$ pgbackrest --stanza=demo --log-level-console=info --type=diff backup

2021-01-08 21:47:00.964 P00 INFO: backup command begin 2.31: --exec-id=21671-d3f8f8bf --log-level-console=info --pg1-path=/data/pg10/pgdata --pg1-port=10001 --pg1-user=postgres --repo1-path=/pgbackrest/repos --repo1-retention-full=2 --stanza=demo --type=diff

2021-01-08 21:47:01.770 P00 INFO: last backup label = 20210108-214355F, version = 2.31

2021-01-08 21:47:01.770 P00 INFO: execute non-exclusive pg_start_backup(): backup begins after the next regular checkpoint completes

2021-01-08 21:47:02.309 P00 INFO: backup start archive = 00000001000000000000000A, lsn = 0/A000028

2021-01-08 21:47:03.617 P01 INFO: backup file /data/pg10/pgdata/global/pg_control (8KB, 99%) checksum 5f020e7df484269ea245041be3228673560184ef

2021-01-08 21:47:03.721 P01 INFO: backup file /data/pg10/pgdata/pg_logical/replorigin_checkpoint (8B, 100%) checksum 347fc8f2df71bd4436e38bd1516ccd7ea0d46532

2021-01-08 21:47:03.722 P00 INFO: diff backup size = 8KB

2021-01-08 21:47:03.722 P00 INFO: execute non-exclusive pg_stop_backup() and wait for all WAL segments to archive

2021-01-08 21:47:03.942 P00 INFO: backup stop archive = 00000001000000000000000A, lsn = 0/A0000F8

2021-01-08 21:47:03.943 P00 INFO: check archive for segment(s) 00000001000000000000000A:00000001000000000000000A

2021-01-08 21:47:04.062 P00 INFO: new backup label = 20210108-214355F_20210108-214701D

2021-01-08 21:47:04.092 P00 INFO: backup command end: completed successfully (3129ms)

2021-01-08 21:47:04.092 P00 INFO: expire command begin 2.31: --exec-id=21671-d3f8f8bf --log-level-console=info --repo1-path=/pgbackrest/repos --repo1-retention-full=2 --stanza=demo

2021-01-08 21:47:04.095 P00 INFO: expire command end: completed successfully (3ms)

备份信息查看

[postgres@sungsasong ~]$ pgbackrest info

stanza: demo

 status: ok

 cipher: none

 db (current)

 wal archive min/max (10-1): 000000010000000000000001/00000001000000000000000A

 full backup: 20210108-214355F

 timestamp start/stop: 2021-01-08 21:43:55 / 2021-01-08 21:44:01

 wal start/stop: 000000010000000000000008 / 000000010000000000000008

 database size: 23.3MB, backup size: 23.3MB

 repository size: 2.7MB, repository backup size: 2.7MB

 diff backup: 20210108-214355F_20210108-214701D

 timestamp start/stop: 2021-01-08 21:47:01 / 2021-01-08 21:47:03

 wal start/stop: 00000001000000000000000A / 00000001000000000000000A

 database size: 23.3MB, backup size: 8.2KB

 repository size: 2.7MB, repository backup size: 425B

 backup reference list: 20210108-214355F

还原一个备份

模拟数据库损坏

[postgres@sungsasong ~]$ cd $PGDATA/

[postgres@sungsasong pgdata]$ rm -rf *

#100分警告：千万不要拿生产库执行

执行还原

1[postgres@sungsasong pgdata]$ pgbackrest --stanza=demo restore

重新启动数据库

[postgres@sungsasong pgdata]$ pg_ctl start -D $PGDATA -l /tmp/logfile

waiting for server to start.... done

server started

[postgres@sungsasong pgdata]$ psql

psql (10.13)

Type "help" for help.

以上就是pgbackrest介绍及使用。当前使用的最新版本已经可以支持PostgreSQL13版本，仅仅是文档上标注支持最新到PostgreSQL11版本。感兴趣的同学可以下去试一下。

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